Types of Intellectual Property Copyright: Original creative works (code, designs, writing, art) Trademark: Brand identifiers (names, logos, slogans) Trade Secrets: Confidential business information Patents: Inventions and processes (rare in freelancing) Copyright Basics for Freelancers Automatic upon creation in tangible form. No registration required for protection, but registration needed to sue for infringement and access statutory damages. Work-for-Hire vs. Licensing Work-for-hire transfers all IP to client. Licensing allows you to retain ownership while granting usage rights. Most freelancers prefer licensing unless compensated for full transfer. Portfolio Rights Even with IP transfer, negotiate for portfolio display rights, case study usage, and credit/attribution.